Act #21: Research OOCSS - Object-Oriented CSS

`What is OOCSS?:
- OOCSS (Object-Oriented CSS) is a CSS methodology that focuses on separating the structure of HTML from its appearance. It encourages code reuse and modularity by treating UI components as objects.
- As with any object-based coding method, the purpose of OOCSS is to encourage code reuse and, ultimately, faster and more efficient stylesheets that are easier to add to and maintain.
Core Principles:
- Separation of Structure and Skin: Divide elements’ structure (layout) and visual design (colors, fonts) into separate styles.
- Almost every element on a styled Web page has different visual features (i.e. “skins”) that are repeated in different contexts.
- An application's skin refers to the visual properties of elements such as:
  - Colors
  - Fonts
  - Shadows
  - Gradients

Example of core principles of separation of structure and skin

  #button {
    width: 200px;
    height: 50px;
    padding: 10px;
    border: solid 1px #ccc;
    background: linear-gradient(#ccc, #222);
    box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5) 2px 2px 5px;
  }

  #box {
    width: 400px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: solid 1px #ccc;
    background: linear-gradient(#ccc, #222);
    box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5) 2px 2px 5px;
  }

  #widget {
    width: 500px;
    min-height: 200px;
    overflow: auto;
    border: solid 1px #ccc;
    background: linear-gradient(#ccc, #222);
    box-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, .5) 2px 2px 5px;
  }

Separation of Container and Content: Make components flexible and reusable regardless of where they are placed in the layout.

Example of core principles of separation of container and content.
```
  #sidebar h3 {
    font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
    font-size: .8em;
    line-height: 1;
    color: #777;
    text-shadow: rgba(0, 0, 0, .3) 3px 3px 6px;
  }
```

Advantages:
- Speed- When using OOCSS, just follow the DRY rule: Don't repeat yourself. Consequently, you'll have CSS files that are smaller and quicker to download
- Scalability- OOCSS allows you to freely mix and re-apply classes on different elements without much regard for their context.
- Efficiency - Having fewer blocks of code makes CSS easier to scan, which makes editing and updating less of a hassle.
- Maintainability -Adding or rearranging HTML markups no longer requires you to rethink your entire CSS flow. This is especially helpful for larger ongoing projects.
- Readability-When other programmers see your CSS, they should be able to quickly understand its structure.
- Readability to other concepts- Understanding the object oriented methodology makes it easier to learn programming languages like Ruby. Conversely, anyone who already understands Ruby can quickly pick up OOCSS.

Practice

<html lang="en">
<head>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
    <title>Demo</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1 class="Heading">Object-oriented CSS</h1>
<button class="btn">Button</button>

<button class="btn btn--large">Large Button</button>

<button class="btn btn--primary">Primary Button</button>


<button class="btn btn--large btn--primary">Large Primary Button</button>
</body>
</html>


.btn {
    display: inline-block;
    padding: 10px 20px;
    border: none;
    border-radius: 5px;
    cursor: pointer;
    font-size: 16px;
    font-weight: bold;
    text-decoration: none;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .Heading{
    color: black;
    font-size: 3rem;
    font-weight: 600;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .btn {
    background-color: #5643c2;
    color: #ffffff;
  }


  .btn--primary {
    background-color: blue;
    color: #ffffff;
  }


  .btn--large {
    padding: 15px 30px;
    font-size: 20px;
    background-color: rgb(187, 75, 94);
  }


  .btn--small {
    padding: 5px 10px;
    font-size: 12px;
    background-color: yellow;
  }

  .btn:hover {
    opacity: 0.8;
  }

  .btn:active {
    transform: translateY(2px);
  }

for references: https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2011/12/an-introduction-to-object-oriented-css-oocss/

https://www.keycdn.com/blog/oocss

GitHub repository: https://github.com/Koronuma4Dev/OOCSS